Sulfamethazine degradation by sulfite through GAC@Ni/Fe Three-Dimensional (3D) particle electrode activation: Contribution of active substance and synergy

The widespread production and use of antibiotics, which accumulate in the environment lead to chronic poisoning non-target organisms, causing potential safety risks human health. In this study, [email protected]/Fe was used as particle electrode sulfite hetero activator for synergistic degradation Sulfamethazine(SMR) a three-dimensional reactor. Under optimal experimental parameters (trough voltage = 5 V, addition =1 mM, 40 g, PH 7), removal rate SMR can reach 96.91% within 30 min. surface changes before after reaction at characterized using XRD, XPS, FTIR. LSV, Tafel, EIS were investigate electrochemical performance electrodes. superiority Three-Dimensional(3D) ([email protected]/Fe)/Sulfite system confirmed by comparative experiments factor analysis. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) quenching studies demonstrate that 3D is result both free radical non-free radicals, with·OH, SO4−·and 1O2 contributing 51%, 12% 37% removal, respectively. 54.57% TOC (30 min) also demonstrates efficient mineralization system. results show protected] / Fe) Sulfite be treat wastewater containing other green ecologically friendly method with application value.